云计算产品和核心技术(云计算平台的核心)

Key technologies of cloud computing

Cloud computing is distributed processing, parallel computing and grid computing The technical essence of the development and commercial realization of concepts such as computing, storage, servers, and application software is the virtualization of IT software and hardware resources such as computing, storage, servers, and application software. Cloud computing has its own unique technologies in virtualization, data storage, data management, and programming models. . The key technologies of cloud computing include the following directions:

Virtual machine technology

Virtual machines, that is, server virtualization, are an important cornerstone of the underlying architecture of cloud computing. In server virtualization, virtualization software needs to implement functions such as hardware abstraction, resource allocation, scheduling and management, isolation between virtual machines and host operating systems, and multiple virtual machines. The current typical implementation (has basically become a de facto standard ) include CitrixXen, VMwareESXServer and MicrosoftHype-V, etc.

Data storage technology

Cloud computing systems need to meet the needs of a large number of users at the same time and provide services to a large number of users in parallel. Therefore, cloud computing data storage technology must have the characteristics of distribution, high throughput rate and high transmission rate. At present, the main data storage technologies include Google's GFS (Google File System, non-open source) and HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System, open source). These two technologies have become de facto standards.

Data management technology

The characteristic of cloud computing is the storage and reading of massive amounts of data. How to improve the data update rate and further improve the random read rate is the future. Data management technology must solve the problem. The most famous data management technology of cloud computing is Google's BigTable data management technology, and the Hadoop development team is developing an open source data management module similar to BigTable.

Distributed Programming and Computing

In order to make it easier for users to enjoy the services brought by cloud computing, users can use this programming model to write simple programs to achieve specific purposes. , the programming model on cloud computing must be very simple. It is necessary to ensure that the complex parallel execution and task scheduling in the background are transparent to users and programmers. The current programming tools for the "cloud" plans proposed by various IT vendors are all based on the Map-Rece programming model.

Management and Scheduling of Virtual Resources

The important feature of cloud computing that is different from stand-alone virtualization technology is that it forms a resource pool by integrating physical resources, and through the resource management layer (management middleware) Implement the scheduling of virtual resources in the resource pool. Cloud computing resource management needs to be responsible for resource management, task management, user management and security management, etc., and realize multiple functions such as node failure shielding, resource status monitoring, user task scheduling, and user identity management.

Business interface of cloud computing

In order to facilitate the migration of user business from traditional IT systems to cloud computing environment, cloud computing should provide users with a unified business interface. The unification of business interfaces not only facilitates the migration of user services to the cloud, but also makes it easier to migrate user services between clouds. In the era of cloud computing, SOA architecture and business models characterized by WebService are still the main routes for business development.

Security technologies related to cloud computing

The cloud computing model brings a series of security issues, including the protection of user privacy, backup of user data, protection of cloud computing infrastructure, etc. These problems require stronger technical means and even legal means to solve them.