虚拟化平台搭建过程(虚拟化平台架构)

The essence of the cloud computing platform is also a virtualized server. In the early days, people virtualized the server's storage (hard disk) into several parts or divided a server into several parts. The ultimate goal of virtualizing computing and storage capabilities (CPU + memory + hard disk) is to maximize the use of server resources and provide them to users with various needs.

Cloud computing combines previous virtualization technology with Internet technology to "combine" various servers together through the network to form a "cluster" of servers. This " "Cluster" is figuratively called a cloud. The basic idea of ​​the cloud is the same as that of virtual space VPS, which is also allocated on demand. However, the cloud is a cluster, so its attack resistance and overall stability are much better than previous technologies.

The above is the implementation principle. As for the specific technology, it is more complicated. If you are interested, you can also find relevant study materials online.

This introduction to cloud computing is more detailed: Comparison of cloud computing architecture and explanation of key technologies

In addition, we deployed it in the diamond-star computer room of Sichuan Telecom You can also experience it with your own public cloud. Xixin Public Cloud

First of all, commonly used virtualization is generally implemented by vmware. Of course, there are other products, but the vmware market share is about 80%-90%. Instead of what they call HA, that is called dual-machine, not virtualization.

Step1: Two hosts, remove the system and install esxi. I am used to using 5.0. After installation, configure the network.

Step2: Log in to one of the hosts through vshere and ip. You will see many options. If there is a ready-made template, deploy a vcenter, configure the ip, and perform the final configuration through the web. .

Step 3: Log in to vcenter through vshere, join two IBM hosts, and then build a cloud through vcenter for unified management. Your storage can be hung under the two IBM hosts as shared storage. It seems that the web configuration vcenter also had the option to configure storage before. I haven’t done it for a long time and I can’t remember clearly.

Step 4: You can create virtual machines, configure storage, build platforms, etc. on vcenter. Here, you can vMotion virtual machines, do HA, do DRS, and many other functions. Of course, you need to configure the network accordingly.

The benefits of virtualization are:

The resources of one host can be virtualized into multiple hosts. In theory, a virtual machine can virtualize 1.5 times the total resources of the local machine. But generally based on our personal experience, the number of virtual machines is best not to exceed the number of local CPU cores.

Virtual machines are deployed quickly, and load balancing can also be achieved between two IBMs. If one host is overloaded, vmware will automatically migrate some virtual machines on it to the other one.

For disaster recovery, if one of the hosts goes down, the other host will automatically run the downed virtual machine through the shared storage. However, now we generally use blade servers for virtualization, with one blade box and multiple blades, leaving redundancy. This allows one or two blades to break without affecting the business. Two servers like yours If one of the machines is down, the other one cannot fully bring up all the virtual machines unless you leave enough redundancy.

You can use VMware Workstation to create a new virtual machine. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Run the VMware Workstation 10 software and click "Create" New Virtual Machine"

2. In the pop-up "New Virtual Machine Wizard", select "Custom" and click "Next"

3. Select "Workstation10.0" for hardware compatibility and select "Next"

4. Select "Install operating system later", "Next step"

5. Select "linux" for the guest operating system, and then select the corresponding version number

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6. Set the virtual machine name and storage location

7. Set the number of processors and cores according to the actual situation

8. Set the memory of the virtual machine

9. Create a network type

10. Select I/O controller type

11. Select the disk type

12. Create a new virtual disk

13. Specify the disk size, etc.

14. Set the disk file name

15 , The virtual machine was successfully created

Extended information:

Virtual machine technology is a type of virtualization technology. The so-called virtualization technology is to transform things from one type to another. The most commonly used virtualization technology is memory virtualization in the operating system. The memory space required by the user during actual operation may be much larger than the memory size of the physical machine. Using memory virtualization technology, users can Virtualize a portion of the hard disk as memory, which is transparent to the user. For another example, virtual private network technology (VPN) can be used to virtualize a safe and stable "tunnel" in a public network, making users feel as if they are using a private network.

Virtual machine technology was first proposed by IBM in the 1960s and 1970s. It is defined as a software simulation implementation of hardware devices. The usual usage model is time sharing of expensive mainframes. Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) is the core of virtual machine technology. It is a layer of code located between the operating system and computer hardware, which is used to divide the hardware platform into multiple virtual machines.

VMM runs in privileged mode. Its main function is to isolate and manage multiple virtual machines running on the upper layer, arbitrate their access to the underlying hardware, and virtualize a set of virtual machines for each guest operating system that is independent of the actual hardware. Virtual hardware environment (including processor, memory, I/O devices). VMM uses a certain scheduling algorithm to share the CPU between virtual machines, such as a time slice rotation scheduling algorithm.